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Gold Medal Software Volume 2 (Gold Medal) (1994).iso
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1994-01-02
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V I D E O P O K E R
BASICS
Video Poker machines simulate the game of draw poker and have
become a very popular form of casino entertainment. They feature
the comfort and convenience of slot machines while giving the
player decision making ability influencing winning or losing. As
a game of skill, "locals" or people who live in gambling areas
particularly prefer video poker.
The video poker machine physically looks like a slot machine and
may be placed next them. Payoff schedules will be shown either
at the top of the machine or on the video screen that displays
the playing cards. From 1 to 5 coins may be played on most
machines.
Below the video screen will be a row of buttons. The button
labeled "Deal" will cause the initial five cards to be displayed.
Five buttons will be assigned to "Hold" or "Hold/Cancel" the five
playing cards on the screen. The "Draw" button will draw
additional cards after the player has identified the cards to
hold. The "Deal" and "Draw" buttons may be combined on machines.
___
| |
+-------------------------------+
| PAYOFF SCHEDULE |
|_______________________________|
| ______________________ Play |
| | | 1 |
| | VIDEO | to |
| | SCREEN | 5 |
| |______________________| Coins|
|____________________________ |
| HOLD HOLD HOLD HOLD HOLD |___|
| DRAW CANCEL DEAL |
|-------------------------------|
| D O L L A R |
| D R A W P O K E R |
|_______________________________|
| |
+-------------------------------+
Other buttons that may be provided involve playing and
dispositioning credits. On these machines, payoffs get
registered as credits. Press the appropriate button to play
credits or if wanted cash them out. Building and playing credits
reduces the effort of inserting coins.
When inserting a coin or a group of coins and pressing "Deal,"
five cards will be initially displayed on the video screen. If
inserting the maximum limit coins, the machine will deal
automatically. From the five cards, the player will select those
that they wish to "Hold." The strategy is to try for the highest
ranking of the cards. If a mistake is made, select "Cancel" and
reselect. Next press "Draw" and the cards not held will be
discarded and their replacements displayed. Any payoffs won will
be registered or if there is no payoff the machine will display
"Game Over."
Controlling video poker machines are computer microprocessor
chips and their programmed instructions called firmware.
Gambling authorities monitor and control the firmware.
Every fraction of a second, the microprocessor selects one random
number out of millions of combinations. This is happening
whether or not anyone is playing the machine. The exact instant
of time when the player presses the deal button or the limit coin
drops, decides the random number selected. That random number
triggers another sequence in which ten out of the scrambled
fifty-cards in the deck gets randomly selected. The first five
of the ten cards get displayed on the screen with the other five
hidden underneath them. These are used to replace, in their
position, any of the first five that get discarded when pressing
the draw button.
There is one common misconception of video poker players. Just
because a machine was played for hours, only to have the next
player hit a jackpot, doesn't mean the first player would have
hit the jackpot. The exact instant of time the deal was
initiated would not have been the same.
Most video poker machines highlight a winning hand after the
initial deal. The player must still hold the winning cards and
press deal. Some machines, particularly older ones, may not
highlight winning hands.
RANKING OF HANDS
The ranking of video poker hands is the same as in regular table
poker games. They are in descending order:
Hand Description
---- -----------
Royal Flush Ten, Jack, Queen, King & Ace of same suit
Straight Flush 5 cards of same suit in consecutive values
4-of-a-Kind 4 cards of same value
Full House 3 cards of same value + 2 cards of same value
Flush 5 cards of same suit but not consecutive
Straight 5 cards in consecutive values
3-of-a-Kind 3 cards of same value
2 Pair 2 sets of 2 cards of same value
Jacks-or-Better Any pair of Jacks, Queens, Kings or Aces
TYPES
The standard video poker machine is called "Jacks or Better." If
a pair of Jacks, Queens, Kings or Aces is draw the player will
receive a payoff of 1 to 1 or push. Jacks or Better machines may
have a standard or progressive payoff for a royal flush.
Progressive machines are linked electronically to other machines
usually located next to each other. The royal flush maximum coin
payoff then becomes a central jackpot. As machines get played, a
small part of the money put in gets added to the central jackpot.
If anyone hits a royal flush with the maximum coins played on a
linked machine, they win the central jackpot.
Besides the standard Jacks or Better machine there are video
poker wild card machines. On "Deuces Wild" machines the deuces
or twos are wild cards and may substitute as any card to make up
a winning hand. On "Jokers Wild" the fifty-third Joker card is
wild and substitutes as any card. Deuces Wild and Jokers Wild
machines have diminished payoff schedules to compensate for the
greater advantage in making a winning hand. There are also
standard and progressive royal flush maximum coin payoffs on wild
card machines.
DENOMINATIONS
Video poker machines are typically available to play with
nickels, dimes, quarters, half-dollars or dollar or greater
tokens. Nickels if available, quarters and dollars are the most
popular. Casinos use dollar tokens inscribed with their name.
They may not be used in the casino's non-gambling facilities or
in other casinos.
PAYOFFS
Video poker machines will display their winning payoff schedules
either above the video screen or on the video screen. It is
important to check and understand the payoffs before beginning to
play.
Most all machines have a non-proportional bonus payoff for
winning the royal flush with the maximum coins played. This is
very significant as shown below:
Coins Payoff for
Played Royal Flush
------ -----------
1 250
2 500
3 750
4 1000
5 4000
Most all machines have proportional payoffs for all other winning
hands. They are largely classified by the payoffs for the Flush
and Full House respectively. For example, the "6/9" machine pays
6 coins for a flush and 9 coins for a full house. Below are
typical machines, shown for simplicity with one coin played:
"6/9" "5/8" "5/7" "5/6" "2-Pair"
Winning Hand Machine Machine Machine Machine Machine
------------ ------- ------- ------- ------- --------
Royal Flush 250 250 250 250 500
Straight Flush 50 50 50 50 100
4-of-a-Kind 25 25 25 25 50
Full House 9 8 7 6 11
Flush 6 5 5 5 7
Straight 4 4 4 4 5
3-of-a-Kind 3 3 3 3 3
Two Pair 2 2 2 2 2
High Pair 1 1 1 1 0
There are other variations to these payoffs but these are the
most common.
CASINO PERCENTAGE ADVANTAGE
The odds or frequency of getting particular cards is the same on
any standard machine. The player controls how the cards get
played. The casino's percentage advantage gets determined by the
payoff schedule for winning hands. If the player follows a
correct playing strategy, the following would be the approximate
casinos percentage advantages.
Machine Casino Percentage
------- --------------------
6/9 Approximately -2.3%
5/8 Approximately -4.3%
5/7 Approximately -5.4%
5/6 Approximately -6.6%
2-Pair Approximately -7.4%
SMART GAMBLER STRATEGY
The first consideration to make when deciding to play video poker
is what coin denomination of machine to play. Due to the
significant non-proportional bonus payoff for royal flushes, it
is important to play only with the maximum coins. If an
individual's bankroll does not support playing dollar machines at
maximum coins, they should play quarters. If it does not support
quarters, play nickels if available. To play less than the
maximum coins is giving the casino up to an additional -2.0
percentage points. To understand bankroll requirements, see the
$mart Gambler tutorial on money management and the Planning-Money
Management feature.
The next consideration is to select the very best machine payoff
schedule available in the gambling area visited. The difference
between a "6/9" and "5/8" machine is approximately 2.0 percent.
If played with five quarters and at an average speed of 240 hands
per hour, that is the equivalent of $6.00 per hour difference.
Over a typical three day trip, with 15 hours of total play, this
is a $90 difference in a player's entertainment cost. In some
areas there may not be a choice but in others it definitely pays
to shop around.
If playing progressive royal flush jackpot machines, always
select the highest available jackpot for the denomination played.
Often in one casino there will be several different progressive
jackpots carousals. Find the highest jackpot and play there. If
there are several casinos located close by it pays to pass
through them looking for the highest jackpot. Selecting the
highest royal flush jackpot is not done because it is "due." The
odds of getting the royal flush remain the same on every hand.
Select the highest one for the increased payoff that decreases
the casino percentage.
The next consideration is to follow a correct strategy on holding
and discarding cards. This is the skill factor that makes video
poker popular. The computer developed strategy presented here is
a simple one that provides a good opportunity of obtaining the
best winning hand. It is practical for casual players and is not
meant to be the ultimate strategy that by its nature would be
complex.
Most hands received on the initial deal that result in a payoff,
should be held. This is due to their payoffs being high and the
chances of improving the hand being low. They are in order of
value:
Royal Flush
Straight Flush
4-of-a-Kind
Full House
Flush
Straight
3-of-a-Kind
2 Pair
The exception to this is the High Pair. It pays one-to-one or
pushes. There are two situations in which it is better to
discard it and try for a better hand. The rest of the hands
received on the initial deal should be played per the chart
below. Starting from the top, simply work the way down and hold
the cards that provides the best combination.
4 Cards of Royal Flush
4 Cards of Straight Flush
High Pair (Jacks or better)
4 Cards of Flush
Low Pair (Tens or less)
3 Cards of Royal Flush
4 Cards of Straight (both ends must be open)
3 High Cards (Jack, Queen, King only)
4 Cards of Inside Straight with three high cards
2 High Cards (select same suit or lowest two)
1 High Card
3 Cards of Straight Flush
Discard all five cards if none of these choices are available.
The odds of getting a better hand is better with five new cards.
To print only this chart position, center it on your monitor and
do a Print-Screen. This typically may be done by pressing the
Shift key and Print Screen keys together.
A high pair is two Jacks, two Queens, two Kings or two Aces. A
low pair is two Tens or less. Potential straights are a source
of confusion for some players. The four cards of a straight that
should be held is where there are four consecutive values in a
row. The required fifth card then can be below or above the
consecutive values. For example a 2-3-4-5 is an open end
straight as either an Ace or 6 would make it a five card winning
straight. There is significant difference in the odds of making
a straight with both ends open versus having only one end open or
having an open in the middle. That is an Inside Straight and
should not be held unless there are three high cards included.
For machines such as the "2-Pair" version listed in the Payoff
section above, there are minor changes to this strategy. Because
they do not payoff for any high pair, do not hold two high cards
or one high card. Instead hold any 3 Card Flushes and 2 Card
Flushes.
Lastly, accuracy is very important in video poker. Many players
make errors that adds to the casino percentage. Often these are
not strategy errors but mechanical errors such as getting two
pair but only holding the high pair. Drawing three new cards in
this situation changes the payoff from 2 to 1 to 1 to 1. Also be
sure that when selecting Hold the button does record Hold. Some
machines may be intermittent and may not always record holds
correctly. It is recommended that before pressing Draw the
player double check the video screen and particularly look at the
cards that are being discarded.
If the player enjoys using skill to play video poker they may
wish to consider playing blackjack. $mart Gambler strategies for
blackjack can reduce the casino's percentage to under 1.0 percent
which is less than video poker. See the tutorial on Blackjack
for more information.
$mart Gamblers who play video poker and follow these guidelines
will find their experiences more enjoyable and successful.
Copyright 1992-1994 PC Information Systems All Rights Reserved